Ann Arbor : Wuhan University (People's Republic of China), 2010.
Language:
Chinese
Abstract:
Translation from original language as provided by authorHmong ancient songs, as living styles among Hmong people, are the most essential cultural classic of Hmong. For a long term, the scholars have emphasized the "external studies", which reflect the history, philosophy, and religion of Hmong ancient songs. However, they ignored the "internal studies", which include the rhythm, rhetoric, and internal structure. As the main result of the study Outlook of Hmong Ancient Songs, this paper, which is based on the first-hand materials of Hmong language and the realistic performance of Hmong ancient songs, examines the narrative styles of Hmong ancient songs. From the angel of narrative theories and searching methods, it is combined with the theories of folk performance and rhetoric. It can be dissuced from six points as following:Firstly, the cultural background of Hmong ancient songs' narrative style. This paper divides the traditions of Hmong ancient songs into the singing occasions and singing taboo. There are four traditional inheriting styles: learning from master, studying independently, family transmission, and self epiphany.Secondly, the artistic structure of Hmong ancient songs. From the oral version and academic version, the study has carefully researched the main structure and branch structure of Hmong ancient songs, and deeply analyzed the basic characteristics, reasons and main functions of Gu-Hua alternate narrative (Ps.: The concept of Gu is the main body of Hmong ancient songs. Comparing with Gu, Hua, as subsidiaries in Hmong ancient songs, are aiming to create atmosphere and express emotions).Thirdly, the language style of Hmong ancient songs. In Hmong ancient songs, the basic sentence structure is five-word, the basic narrative structure is question-answer, and the basic narrative rhythm is rhyme. The paper summarizes the styles and functions of question-answer narrative and basic regulations of rhyme. In addition, it analyzes the forms of passing songs and modes of language.Fourthly, the rhetorical narrative of Hmong ancient songs. The modes of rhetorical narrative mainly include the comparative narratives of past to present, object to object, people to people, people-spirit and the narrative styles of repeating the same words, repeating synonym, changing tones and repeating comparatively.Fifthly, the personal narrative of Hmong ancient songs. Via the introduction of three flats and four round characters, the paper analyzes and summarizes the psychological description, dialogue, characters' compare, and multi-character description of round characters' narrative style.Finally, the space-time narrative of Hmong ancient songs. Via researching of ellipsis, summary, pause, order rhythm and frequency, there are three styles of space narrative: abstract space, semi-abstract space, and concrete