Predictors of English fluency among Hmong refugees in Minnesota: A longitudinal study
Author(s):
Westermeyer, Joseph; Her, Cheng
Format:
Journal article
Citation:
Cultural Diversity And Mental Health, Volume 2, Issue 2 (1996). pp. 125-132.
Language:
English
Abstract:
Assessed premigration and early postmigration factors associated with later acquisition of English language fluency (a critical skill in psychosocial adaptation and mental health) among Hmong refugees in Minnesota. 102 Hmong refugees were interviewed in their homes. Data were collected using a questionnaire format at 1.5 yrs following resettlement in the US. Eight years later, English language competence was measured using a self-assessment and an objective measure of English language fluency. Greater English fluency on both measures was predicted by the following: younger age, male gender, education or vocational training in Laos prior to migration, occupation in Laos requiring literacy, study of English while in Asia, less proximity to other Hmong households in the US, educational involvement in the US, and not receiving welfare. Self-assessment of English fluency appeared to be a valid measure of English competence. Demographic characteristics, certain premigration experiences, and early postmigration experiences predicted English fluency after 10 yrs in the US. ESL training was not associated with eventual English fluency. Recommendations are made to enhance English fluency, and thus the psychosocial adaptation, of refugees and other immigrants to the US. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)