Hmong kinship identity in contemporary Thailand has been culturally reshaped by the Thai state's integration and assimilation policies, and Christian and Buddhist missionization. While their kinship identities have changed, Hmong kinship identity still remains central to Hmong identity, even as Hmong people have adapted to mainstream Thai culture and modern socioeconomic phenomena. Hmong have used these modern contexts to strengthen their kinship and ethnic identities. Based on research conducted in Maesa Mai, a Hmong village in Chiang Mai Province, and among Hmong dwellers in urban Chiang Mai and vicinities, I examine the Hmong kinship system, and how it is traditionally reproduced through daily activities; the reshaping of Hmong kinship identities by the national government's registration and educational systems, lowland Thai public culture, and Buddhist and Christian missionizations; and how Hmong people incorporate their kinship with modern technologies and knowledge, in order to strengthen their identity.